oliver+has+CHOLERA

=**CHOLERA.** = ==

**Cause:**
**Cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio Choleraeis. Vibrio Choleraeis is a comma-shaped bacterium approximately 2 micrometers long and 500 nanometers wide. the bacteria colonizes in the small intestine and releases cholera toxin, a protein that causes profuse watery diarrhea.**    

**Symptoms:**
**The primary symptoms of cholera include profuse, painless, diarrhea and vomiting of clear fluid. If the patient is not treated right away the diarrhea and vomiting will cause severe dehydration. The severe dehydration can have a fatal effect if the patients fluids are not replenished soon enough.**  


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<span style="color: #808080; font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Treatment:**
<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**most of the time cholera can be treated with oral re-hydration therapy. oral re-hydration therapy consists of a solution of salts and sugars taken by mouth. it is used to cure the dehydration associated with diarrhea.** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**A n antibiotic used to reduce the severity of the disease is Doxycline. Doxycline is usually first to be used.**
 * other antibiotics that have been proven to be effective include:**[[image:800px-Cholera_rehydration_nurses.jpg width="209" height="156" align="right" caption="A patient being treated by oral re-hydration therapy " link="@http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_rehydration_therapy"]]
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Cotrimoxazole**
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Erthromycin**
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Tetracycline**
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Chloramphenicol**
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Furazolidone**

<span style="color: #808080; font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Transmission:**
<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**cholera can be transmitted by contaminated water or food. during a epidemic of cholera, the chronic diarrhea of others can contaminate the water and spread the disease to others.**

<span style="color: #808080; font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Prevention:**
<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**cholera can be prevented quite easily. sanitation practices that help prevent cholera include:**
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**sterilization:proper disposal of waste**
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**sewage:antibacterial treatment of sewage**
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**water purification: all water used for drinking, washing, and cooking should be sterilized.**

<span style="color: #808080; font-family: Georgia,serif;">**References:**
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholera <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vibrio_cholerae <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> http://bodyandhealth.canada.com/channel_condition_info_details.asp?disease_id=31&channel_id=1020&relation_id=70907 <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> http://www.who.int/topics/cholera/en/ <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">